P'ansori as Social Critique: Perpetuating a Musical Tradition in Twenty-First Century South Korea.

M.A. Thesis. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2017

Association between the mediterranean diet and cognitive health among healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundAn increasing prevalence of cognitive disorders warrants comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of diet on cognitive health. Studies have suggested that the Mediterranean (MeDi) diet has protective effects against metabolic diseases. However, comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of the MeDi diet on the cognitive decline are limited. We investigated whether adherence to the MeDi diet could lower the risk of the cognitive disorder or improve cognitive function in older adults.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to June 2021. Cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The effect sizes were estimated as log risk ratios and standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Newcastle–Ottawa score and Cochrane Collaboration’s tool were used to assess the risk of bias in cohort studies and RCTs, respectively.ResultsOf the 1,687 screened studies, 31 cohort studies and five RCTs met the eligibility criteria for qualitative analysis; 26 cohort studies and two RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. In the cohort studies, high adherence to the MeDi diet was associated with lower risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) [risk ratio (RR) = 0.75 (0.66–0.86)], and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [RR = 0.71 (0.56–0.89)]. In the RCTs, high adherence to the MeDi diet was associated with better episodic [SMD = 0.20 (0.09–0.30)] and working memories [SMD = 0.17 (0.01–0.32)] than lowest group.ConclusionAdherence to the MeDi diet may reduce the risk of MCI and AD. However, other associations with cognitive outcomes (global cognition, working memory, and episodic memory) remain open to interpretation. Overall, the MeDi diet is recommended to prevent or delay cognitive disorders and improve cognitive function. Further, long-term RCTs are warranted to strengthen the evidence.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk], identifier [CRD42021276801]

Association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study

Background Both short and long sleep duration have been consistently studied as a risk factor for obesity, hyperglycemia and hypertension. In this cross-sectional study, we provide an updated analysis of the Health Examinees (HEXA) study on the association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) occurrence among Koreans age 40–69 year olds. Methods A total of 133,608 subjects (44,930 men, 88,678 women) were enrolled in the HEXA study 2004–2013. Sleep duration was categorized into 4 sleep categories (< 6 h, 6 to < 8 h, 8 to < 10 h, ≥10 h). MetS criterion was based on the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III. Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Compared with individuals sleeping 6 to < 8 h per day, less than 6 h of sleep was associated with MetS (multivariable adjusted OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05–1.19) and elevated waist circumference (1.15, 1.08–1.23) among men; with elevated waist circumference (1.09, 1.04–1.14) among women. Greater than 10 h of sleep was associated with MetS (1.28, 1.08–1.50) and elevated triglycerides (1.33, 1.14–1.56) among men; with MetS (1.40, 1.24–1.58), elevated waist circumference (1.14, 1.02–1.27), elevated triglycerides (1.41, 1.25–1.58), reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (1.24, 1.12–1.38), and elevated fasting glucose (1.39, 1.23–1.57) among women. Conclusions Less than 6 h of sleep is associated with elevated waist circumference among both men and women and with MetS among men only. Greater than 10 h of sleep is associated with MetS and elevated triglycerides among both men and women and with elevated waist circumference, reduced HDL-C, and elevated fasting glucose among women only.This work was supported by the Research Program funded by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [grant number 2004-E71004–00; 2005-E71011–00; 2005-E71009–00; 2006-E71001–00; 2006-E71004–00; 2006-E71010–00; 2006- E71003–00; 2007-E71004–00; 2007-E71006–00; 2008-E71006–00; 2008-E71008–00; 2009-E71009–00; 2010-E71006–00; 2011-E71006–00; 2012-E71001–00; 2013-E71009–00]. This funding source had roles in study design and data collection

&quot;Knock Knock, Here Is an Answer from Next Door&quot;: Designing a Knowledge Sharing Chatbot to Connect Residents: Community Chatbot Design Case Study

© 2021 ACM.Our purpose is to investigate the potential use of chatbots for information sharing and social connection within a co-living space. To this end, we designed a chatbot for residents of a co-living space based on the following principles: (1) The range of shared information is limited to three areas derived from the similarities of the residents, and it takes a &apos;give-and-take QnA&apos; structure, where one should answer a question from another resident after they ask a question. (2) Conversation is designed to resemble a human-like dialogue to reveal the presence of other residents. 19 residents of a co-living space used the chatbot for a week through the Wizard of Oz method, and six participants were asked about their chatbot experience through a semi-structured interview after the usage. A total of 58 interactions occurred, and the reply rate of the chatbot&apos;s question was 76%. The interview revealed that the users were satisfied with chatbot&apos;s provision of information that could only be given by fellow residents, and the chatbot increased the presence of other residents, creating a feeling of social connection. We conclude the paper by proposing design principles for chatbots in collective housing.N

Association between Milk Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adults: Results from the Health Examinees Study

It has been suggested that a greater dairy consumption, particularly of milk, may have contributed in lowering the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). A cross-sectional analysis was conducted to examine the association between milk consumption and MetS, and its components among Korean adults aged 40–69. A total of 130,420 subjects (43,682 men and 86,738 women) from the Health Examinees Study were selected for the final analysis. Milk consumption was estimated using a validated 106-item food frequency questionnaire. MetS was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP III). Logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between milk consumption and MetS after adjusting for potential confounders. In this study, the average milk consumption was 77.9 g/day, with the overall prevalence of MetS being 26.1% (29.1% in men and 24.6% in women). We found that the prevalence of the MetS was significantly lower in subjects with higher milk consumption (p &lt; 0.0001). Adjusted OR for MetS was significantly lower in the highest milk consumption category (≥1 serving/day among men; ≥2 serving/day among women) than those in the lowest milk consumption category (OR: 0.92 95%CI: 0.86–0.99, p trend = 0.0160 in men; OR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.60–0.76, p trend &lt; 0.0001 in women). Overall, higher milk consumption was inversely associated with the MetS components: elevated waist circumference, elevated triglyceride, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (all p trend &lt; 0.05). This study concludes that higher milk consumption is associated with the lower odds of MetS in Korean adults

Frequency of Loud Snoring and Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adults: Results from the Health Examinees (HEXA) Study

Studies regarding the association between snoring and metabolic abnormalities have been inconsistent. We examine whether snoring frequency and obstructive sleep apnea markers are associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Koreans aged 40–69 years. A total of 72,885 subjects (24,856 men, 48,029 women) from the Health Examinees Gem study between 2009 and 2013 were included. Snoring frequency was grouped into five categories (never, 1–3/month, 1–3/week, 4–5/week, 6+/week). Obstructive sleep apnea markers included breathing interruptions and awakenings. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated through logistic regression. Compared with non-snorers, those who snore 6+/week were associated with increased odds for MetS (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.91–2.25, p-trend &lt; 0.0001 among men; OR: 1.45, CI: 1.33–1.58, p-trend &lt; 0.0001 among women). Snoring frequency is associated with MetS and its components in both men and women. Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea markers are important indicators of sleep quality, which may facilitate early detection of sleep disorders and further complications such as MetS

Meibomian gland dropout rate as a method to assess meibomian gland morphologic changes during use of preservative-containing or preservative-free topical prostaglandin analogues.

PurposeTo investigate the usefulness of meibomian gland (MG) dropout rate in the evaluation of MG morphological change associated with the use of prostaglandin for glaucoma treatment through the association between MG and the ocular surface parameters and medication duration and presence of preservative.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 88 eyes of 88 patients who were diagnosed with glaucoma and used only Tafluprost as treatment. The patients were divided into four "user" groups: 1) 23 patients used preservative-free (PF) Tafluprost for 6 months; 2) 21 patients used preservative-containing (PC) Tafluprost for 6 months; 3) 23 patients used PF-Tafluprost for 24 months; 4) 21 patients used PC-Tafluprost for 24 months. Ocular surface parameters and the MG condition, including MG dropout rate and meiboscale, were evaluated. Multiple regression was used to identify associations.ResultsThere were significant differences in age (p = 0.003), tear breakup time (p = 0.016), lid margin abnormality (p = 0.016), expressibility (p = 0.039), meiboscale (pConclusionMG dropout rate in patients using Tafluprost showed a significant correlation with medication duration and preservative status. This result indicates MG dropout rate reflects MG morphologic change associated with prostaglandin